Lamp
a source of artificial light, i.e. a light bulb or fluorescent tube
Luminaire
a light fitting including the body, one or more lamps, any control gear and any reflectors or lenses for directing the light.
Control gear
Lighting ballast, transformer or any other equipment required to start (e.g. a discharge lamp) or operate a lamp.
Ballast
a device connected between the power supply and one or more discharge lamps primarily to limit the current drawn by the lamps. Two main types:
– electronic (newer and more efficient technology)
– magnetic (typically in older installations)
Transformer
a device to reduce voltage for extra low voltage (typically 12V) lighting systems – typically halogen dichroic down lights. Two main types:
– electronic step-down converter (newer and more efficient technology)
– magnetic (typically in older installations)
Driver
a device to regulate voltage and current for LED lamps
Diffusers
a lens for directing light. They may be louvred or flat refractive panels